Current Issue : July - September Volume : 2015 Issue Number : 3 Articles : 7 Articles
Background: According to the World Health Organization, one in every 10 people has a disability, and more than\ntwo-thirds of them do not receive any type of oral dental care. The Brazilian Constitution of 1988 guarantees all\ncivilians including disabled people the right to healthcare, shaping the guidelines of the Brazilian National Health\nCare System (Sistema Ã?Å¡nico de SaÃ?ºde ââ?¬â?? SUS). However, there is limited information about the true accessibility of\ndental services. This study evaluated the accessibility of public dental services to persons with disabilities in\nFortaleza, CearÃ?¡, which has the third highest disability rate in Brazil.\nMethods: A cross-sectional quantitative study using structured questionnaires was administered to dentists (n = 89)\nand people with disabilities (n = 204) to evaluate the geographical, architectural, and organizational accessibility of\nhealth facilities, the communication between professionals and patients with disabilities, the demand for dental\nservices, and factors influencing the use of dental services by people with motor, visual, and hearing impairments.\nResults: 43.1% of people with disabilities do not recognize their service as a priority of Basic Health Units (BHU),\n52.5% do not usually seek dental care, and of those who do (n = 97), 76.3% find it difficult to receive care and\n84.5% only seek care on an emergency basis. Forty-five percent are unaware of the services offered in the BHU. Of\nthe dentists, 56.2% reported difficulty in communicating with deaf patients, and 97.8% desired interpreters stationed\nin the BHU. People with disabilities gave better accessibility ratings than dentists (p = 0.001). 37.3% of the patients\nand 43.8% of dentists reported inadequate physical access infrastructure (including doors, hallways, waiting rooms,\nand offices). Dentists (60%) reported unsafe environments and transportation difficulties as geographical barriers,\nwhile most people with disabilities did not report noticing these barriers.\nConclusions: While access to dental services has increased in Fortaleza, the lack of accessibility of health units and\ntheir surroundings does not promote the treatment of people with disabilities. Cultural, organizational, architectural,\ngeographical, and communication barriers constrain the demand for and use of oral dental care services by this\nsocial segment....
Background: The benefits of breastfeeding on oral health are still inconclusive, especially the association on occlusion.\nThis study aimed to investigate the association of breastfeeding and the development of primary dentition.\nMethods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 851 Asian children aged 2ââ?¬â??5 years old in Hong Kong.\nQuestionnaires were completed by the parents to collect information on breastfeeding and the non-nutritive\nsucking habits. The childrenââ?¬â?¢s dental arch relationships were examined in the sagittal, vertical, and transverse\ndimensions by an experienced examiner.\nResults: Children who experienced pure breastfeeding for more than 6 months had a lower chance of developing a\nclass II incisal relationship (P < 0.05) or an increased overjet (P < 0.05), and had wider intercanine (P < 0.05) and intermolar\nwidths (P < 0.05). Vertically, no association on the extent of overbite or openbite was found (P >0.05).\nConclusions: Pure breastfeeding for more than 6 months is positively associated with primary dental arch\ndevelopment in the anterior sagittal dental segment and on the horizontal arch width in primary dentition.\nTherefore, pure breastfeeding for more than 6 months is recommended, as it is associated with lower chance\nof the development of abnormal dental relationships. The results will be valuable for education and promotion\nof maternal breastfeeding....
Background: This study aimed to identify the prevalence of oral co-morbidities in 8 to 16 years old children with\nMolar Incisor Hypomineralisation (MIH) and compare this with the prevalence of same oral lesions in children\nwithout MIH.\nMethod: Study participants were selected through a multi-staged sampling technique. The children were asked\nif they had dentine hypersensitivity or any concerns about their aesthetics. Children were examined for MIH, caries,\ntraumatic dental injury and their oral hygiene status. The association between MIH and each of the independent\nvariables was determined.\nResults: Only children with MIH had aesthetic related concerns and dentine hypersensitivity. The differences in\nthe oral hygiene status (p < 0.001) and caries prevalence (p < 0.001) of children with and without MIH were\nstatistically significant. The prevalence of traumatic dental injury did not differ statistically between children with\nMIH and those without MIH (p = 0.24).\nConclusion: Children with MIH had more oral pathologies than children without MIH. These co-morbidities\n(dentine hypersensitivity, aesthetic concerns, caries and oral hygiene) are capable of impacting negatively on\nthe quality of life of the children. Screening for children with MIH may help facilitate prompt access to treatment...
Background: The objective of this study was to determine whether the addition of microsilver or nanosilver\nparticles to an orthodontic primer affects shear bond strength (SBS) and bracket/adhesive failure.\nMethods: Bovine incisors were randomly divided into six groups with 16 specimens in each: In group 1 (control),\nbrackets were bonded with Transbondââ??¢ XT primer. In the experimental groups, microsilver (groups 2 and 3) and\nnanosilver (groups 4ââ?¬â??6) particles of different sizes were added to Transbond XT primer and light cured for\n15 seconds [group 2: 0.1% (w/w) microsilver particle size 3.5ââ?¬â??18 ?m; group 3: 0.3% (w/w) microsilver particle size\n3.5ââ?¬â??18 ?m; group 4: 0.11% (w/w) nanosilver particle size 12.6ââ?¬â??18.5 nm; group 5: 0.18% (w/w) nanosilver particle size\n12.6ââ?¬â??18.5 nm; group 6: 0.33% (w/w) nanosilver particle size 12.6ââ?¬â??18.5 nm]. Thereafter, brackets were bonded by\nlight curing the adhesive for 20 seconds. After 24 hours of storage in distilled water at 37Ã?°C, SBS was measured\nwith a Zwicki 1120 testing machine. The adhesive remnant index and the prevalence of silver spots on the\nspecimen surface were determined under 10Ã?â?? magnification. Statistical two-way analysis of variance was performed\nto compare SBS, and a chi-square test was used to compare ARI scores and the prevalence of silver spots.\nResults: No significant differences in SBS (control: 16.59 Ã?± 6.82 MPa; group 2: 20.6 Ã?± 4.19 MPa; group 3: 16.98 Ã?± 4.84 MPa;\ngroup 4: 17.15 Ã?± 5.92 MPa; group 5: 20.09 Ã?± 3.35 MPa; group 6: 16.44 Ã?± 4.51 MPa; p > 0.665) and ARI scores (p = 0.901)\nwere found between the control group and any experimental group. Only experimental groups with nanosilver\nparticles revealed statistically more silver spots on the remaining adhesive.\nConclusions: Addition of small concentrations of microsilver or nanosilver particles affects neither SBS nor ARI scores.\nAddition of nanosilver particles results in silver spots in the remaining primer visible under 10Ã?â?? magnification. Further\nstudies are needed to investigate the anti-caries potential and clinical performance of conventional orthodontic primer\nwith incorporated nanosilver or microsilver particles....
Background: This study aimed to determine the prevalence and severity of dental caries, oral hygiene levels and\nassessment of the oral health knowledge and practices of nursing students at Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre\nteaching hospital in Moshi, Tanzania.\nMethods: A cross-sectional survey was done on 217 student nurse population at Kilimanjaro Christian Medical\nCentre Teaching Hospital in Moshi, Tanzania in 2014. Ethical approval was obtained from the Kilimanjaro Christian\nMedical University College Ethical Committee. A questionnaire probing on socio-demographic characteristics,\nknowledge and practices on selected oral health issues was administered to the students. Students were also\nexamined for oral hygiene and dental caries using Simplified Oral Hygiene Index (OHI-S) and WHO 1997\nrecommended method respectively.\nResults: There were 214 (98.6%) respondents aged between 18 and 53 years (mean age was 27.2 SD �± 7.35 years).\nAbout 72% of the respondents were in the young age group (below 31 years), 63.1% were pursuing Diploma in\nNursing while the rest were pursuing Bachelor of Science in Nursing. Although oral health knowledge of the\nrespondents was generally poor, more students pursuing Bachelor of Science in Nursing had significant adequate\noral health knowledge than those who were pursuing Diploma in Nursing (p = 0.05). Population Oral Hygiene\nIndex- Simplified was 0.41 meaning good oral hygiene in the current population. Overall, caries prevalence was\n40.2%. The mean population DMFT was 1.34 (SD �± 2.44). The decay component was 0.53 (SD �± 1.29), whereas the\nmissing component was 0.67 (SD �±1.34) and filled component was 0.14 (SD �± 0.69). Significantly more students in\nthe older age group had more missing and filled teeth than their counterparts in the young age group (p ?0.05).\nConclusion: Majority of the students in this population had good oral hygiene and a very low DMFT. There was\npoor basic oral health knowledge and poor recall visit to dental personnel. Curriculum development in these school\nprogrammes should strengthen or encompass comprehensive oral health education components. This will\nempower nursing professional with basic oral health knowledge and promotive oral health behaviors and hence to\ndisseminate to the clients....
Background: To evaluate the psychometric properties of the faces version of the Modified Child Dental Anxiety\nScale (MCDASf) Malay version in 5ââ?¬â??6 and 9ââ?¬â??12 year-old children.\nMethods: The MCDASf was cross culturally adapted from English into Malay. The Malay version was tested for\nreliability and validity in 3 studies. In the Study 1, to determine test-retest reliability of MCDASf scale, 166 preschool\nchildren aged 5ââ?¬â??6 years were asked to rank orders five cartoons faces depicting emotions from ââ?¬Ë?very happyââ?¬â?¢ to\nââ?¬Ë?very sadââ?¬â?¢ faces on two separate occasions 3 weeks apart. A total of 87 other 5ââ?¬â??6 year-old children completed the\nMalay-MCDASf on two separate occasions 3 weeks apart to determine test-retest reliability for Study 2. In study 3,\n239 schoolchildren aged 9ââ?¬â??12 years completed the Malay-MCDASf and the Malay-Dental Subscale of the Children\nFear Survey Schedule (CFSS-DS) at the same sitting to determine the criterion and construct validity.\nResults: In study 1, Kendall W test showed a high degree of concordance in ranking the cartoon faces picture\ncards on each of the 2 occasions (time 1, W = 0.955 and time 2, W = 0.954). The Malay-MCDASf demonstrated\nmoderate test-retest reliability (Intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.63, p <0.001) and acceptable internal consistency\nfor all the 6 items (Cronbachââ?¬â?¢s alpha = 0.77) and 8 items (Cronbachââ?¬â?¢s alpha = 0.73). The highest MCDASf scores were\nobserved for the items ââ?¬Ë?injection in the gumââ?¬â?¢ and ââ?¬Ë?tooth taken outââ?¬â?¢ for both age groups. The MCDASf significantly\ncorrelated with the CFSS-DS (Pearson r = 0.67, p < 0.001).\nConclusions: These psychometric findings support for the inclusion of a cartoon faces rating scale to assess child\ndental anxiety and the Malay-MCDASf is a reliable and valid measure of dental anxiety in 5ââ?¬â??12 year-old children....
Background: Use of magnifying loupe may increase the efficiency of dental care. This clinical trial compared the\ntime in performing non-surgical endodontic therapy with or without the use of a magnifying loupe.\nMethods: Patients who required primary endodontic treatment in clinical trial centres at the University of Hong\nKong (HKU) in Hong Kong and Peking University (PKU) in Beijing were invited to participate in this study. Two HKU\ndentists and 2 PKU dentists, forming 2 pairs of dentists with similar years of clinical experience, performed endodontic\ntreatments according to the same procedures and used the same materials, either in single or multiple visits. They had\nno prior experience with the use of a magnifying loupe. One dentist from each pair was trained to use a magnifying\nloupe (x2.5). The treatment time was recorded.\nResults: Eighty-four PKU patients with a mean age of 42.8 years and 98 HKU patients with a mean age of 46.0 years\nwere recruited in this study. Ninety-six teeth were treated with a magnifying loupe and 86 teeth were treated\nwithout a magnifying loupe. The results showed that treatment time was not associated with age, gender, tooth\nvitality, or the presence of apical radiolucency or sinus tract. The results of ANCOVA revealed the treatment time\nwas associated with the clinic (HKU or PKU), root canal system (single or multiple), presence of preoperative pain,\ntreatment visit (single or multiple), the use of a magnifying loupe, and the experience of the operator.\nConclusion: In this study, the use of a magnifying loupe could significantly reduce the endodontic treatment time...
Loading....